Everything about The Herzegovinian Rebellion totally explained
The
Herzegovinian Rebellion of
1875 (
Croatian and
Serbian:
Hercegovački ustanak,
Cyrillic: Херцеговачки устанак) is the most significant of the rebellions against the
Ottoman rule in
Herzegovina. The uprising was precipitated by the harsh treatment of the mostly Catholic
Croat and Orthodox
Serb population under the
Bosnian beys and
aghas of the Ottoman province of
Bosnia.
The reforms announced by the Turkish Sultan
Abdülmecid, involving new rights for Christian subjects, a new basis for army conscription, and an end to the much-hated system of tax-farming, were either resisted or ignored by the powerful Bosnian landowners. They frequently resorted to more repressive measures against their Christian subjects. The tax burden on Christian peasants constantly increased.
On
June 19 1875 the Catholic Croats in the
Gabela and
Hrasno district of lower Herzegovina, ignited by overtaxing, rebelled against the Ottoman authorities under the leadership of don
Ivan Music. A Serb uprising (popularly known as Nevesinje gun or Невесињска пушка) started on
July 9 around the village of Nevesinje in eastern Herzegovina. Subsequently, a general uprising of the entire Christian population in Bosnia and Herzegovina ensued. More than 150,000 people took refuge in
Croatia. The Ottoman armed response came both from government troops under the recently appointed Bosnian governor and from the local landowners and their own irregular troops. The attempts to supress the uprising proved unsuccessful.
The unrest rapidly spread among the Cristian populations of the other Ottoman provinces in (notably
Bulgaria). The atrocities of the Ottoman Empire in supressing unrest in the Balkan provinces eventually led to the
Russo-Turkish War of 1877-78 , which ended in Turkish defeat, and the signing of the Treaty of San Stefano in March
1878, followed in July of the same year by the Treaty of Berlin, severely reducing Ottoman territories and power in Europe. The
Congress of Berlin decided that Bosnia and Herzegovina, while remaining nominally under Turkish sovereignty, would be occupied and governed by
Austria-Hungary.
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